Quantum states with a positive partial transpose are useful for metrology

We show that multipartite quantum states that have a positive partial transpose with respect to all bipartitions of the particles can outperform separable states in linear interferometers. We introduce a powerful iterative method to find such states. We present some examples for multipartite states and examine the scaling of the precision with the particle number. Some bipartite examples are also shown that possess an entanglement very robust to noise. We also discuss the relation of metrological usefulness to Bell inequality violation. We find that quantum states that do not violate any Bell inequality can outperform separable states metrologically. We present such states with a positive partial transpose, as well as with a non-positive positive partial transpose.Comment: 6 pages including two figures + three-page supplement including two figures using revtex 4.1, with numerically obtained density matrices as text files; v2: published version; v3: published version, typo in the 4x4 bound entangled state is corrected (noticed by Peng Yin

The shortest distance among points in general position

AbstractWe prove that among n points in the plane in general position, the shortest distance can occur at most (2+37)n times. We also give a construction where the shortest distance occurs more than (2+516)N−10⌊n⌊ times

Analysis of public road accessibility in Hungary

Hungary's example is taken in this study to analyse the changes of accessibility by public roads in 2005. The paper examines the extent to which changing accessibility is re ected in socio-economic processes. The question is how much an improving accessibility by road contributes to competitiveness, and if it contributes to the latter at all, and at what degree favourable accessibility conditions following public road investments or other local factors can result in favourable or unfavourable socio-economic processe

Entanglement Witnesses in Spin Models

We construct entanglement witnesses using fundamental quantum operators of spin models which contain two-particle interactions and posses a certain symmetry. By choosing the Hamiltonian as such an operator, our method can be used for detecting entanglement by energy measurement. We apply this method to the cubic Heisenberg lattice model in a magnetic field, the XY model and other familiar spin systems. Our method is used to obtain a temperature bound for separable states for systems in thermal equilibrium. We also study the Bose-Hubbard model and relate its energy minimum for separable states to the minimum obtained from the Gutzwiller ansatz.Comment: 5 pages including 3 figures, revtex4; some typos correcte